Pancreatitis (Ranson’s poor prognostic factors) |
ABG (PO2) < 60 |
BUN increase > 5 |
Calcium < 8 |
Deficit of base > 4 |
Erythrocyte loss (Htc) > 10% |
Fluid accumuliation > 6000cc |
Pancreatitis (high risc factors for complication) |
Age > 55 |
Blood sugar > 200 |
Cell count (WBC) >16,000 |
Dehydrogenase (LDH) >350 |
Enzyme (OT) > 250 |
Pancreatitis (management) |
Pain control |
Antibiotics |
NPO/NG-tube |
Coagulopathy (DIC) |
Renal function (UOP, S-Gravity) |
Electrolyte monitoring |
Airway (O2 for hypoxia) |
Support with IVF |
Parrot fever (clinical features) |
Pneumonitis |
Adenopathy |
Rashes |
Rigid neck (meningismus) |
Organomegaly |
Throat (pharyngitis) |
Pelvic inflammatory disease (diagnostic criteria of at least three) |
Discharge, vaginal |
Identified GC or Chlamydia |
Sed Rate increase |
Elevation of temperature |
Abdominal tenderness (m) |
Sex organ tenderness, bilateral adnexal (m) |
Extreme cervix tenderness (m) |
Peptic Ulcer Disease (management) |
Proton-pump inhibitor (Omeprazole) |
Enhance mucose protection (Sucralfate) |
Prostoglandin (Misoprostol) |
Treating H. Pylori |
Inhibitor of H2 |
CaCO3 |
Surgery for perforation |
Pfeiffer syndrome |
Premature closure of cranial sutures |
Frontal bossing |
Exophthalmos |
Imperforate anus |
Feet (broad hallux, delta phalanx) |
Fused vertebra |
Extremity anomaly (broad thumb) |
Retarded |
Pierre Robin sequence |
Retrognathia |
Ocular anomalies (Stickler syndrome) |
Breathing problem |
Incomplete palate (cleft) |
Neonatal FTT |
Pneumothorax (risk factors) |
Tall stature |
Thin body mass |
Twenties of age |
Tobacco smoking |
Trauma |
Tumors |
Poisoning (contraindications for charcoal use) |
Cyanide |
Hydrocarbon |
Acid/alkali |
Relative small compounds |
Charged (iron, heavy metals) |
Organophosphate |
Alcohol |
Lithium |
Poland syndrome |
Pectoralis muscle defect |
Oblige/syn/brachydactyly |
Limb anomaly |
Agenesis of kidney |
Nipple anomaly |
Dextrocardia |
Polyarteritis nodosa (clinical featurues) |
Abdominal pain |
Rashes |
Temperature |
Extremity (arthralgia) |
Renal failure |
Intestinal infarction |
Tip of fingers (necrosis) |
Increased blood pressure |
Seizure |
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (clinical featurues) |
Obesity |
Virilization |
Anovulationte |
Resistance to insulin (diabetes) |
Increased hair |
Androgen increase |
No period |
Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis (diagnostic criteria) |
Myositis |
Unidentification of infectious agent |
Symmetric muscle weakness |
Cuteneous rashes |
Level of enzyme increase (CPK, Aldolase) |
EMG shows myopathy |
Portal hypertension (emergency management) |
Hemostasis (Fluid/RBC/Plt) |
Endoscopic sclerotherapy/ligation |
Portal-systemic shunting |
ADH and Anti-H2 (Zantac) |
Tamponade |
Insertion of NG-tube (lavage) |
Coagulopathy prevention (Vit K, FFP) |
Prader-Willi syndrome |
Poor tone (hypotonia) |
Retarded (MR) |
Abnormal genitalia |
Dysmorphic face |
Eating problem (obesity) |
Reduce pigmentation |
Preeclampsia (PRE)/eclampsia (E) (clinical features) |
Proteinuria |
Rise in blood pressure |
Edema |
Epileptic activity confirm eclampsia |
Pregnancy (physiological compensations) |
Alkaline phosphatase |
Blood volume |
Cardiac output |
Dilutional anemia |
ESR |
Factors 7, 8, 9, 10 |
GFR |
Heart rate |
Inspiration (tidal volume) |
Premenstrual syndrome (management) |
Progesterone/pyridoxine/Prozac |
Estrogen reduction (GnRH) |
Regular aerobic exercise |
Inflammatory control (NSAIDs) |
OCP. Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) |
Danazol (reduce mastalgie) |
Spironolactone (aldosterone antagonist) |
Primary adrenal insufficiency (clinical features) |
Amenorrhea |
Derma (hairless) |
Reduced blood sugar |
Electrolyte interference (/K/CabáNa) |
Nutrition (weight loss, anorexia) |
Arthralgia/myoralgia |
Low BP |
Skin (hyperpigmentation) |
Primary adrenal insufficiency (etiologies) |
Addison’s disease |
ACTH resistance |
Adrenolekodytrophy |
Adrenal hypoplasia |
Prolong QT syndrome (clinical features--first three are the triad of EKG findings) |
Asymmetric T waves |
Bradycardia |
Corrected QT>0.44 second |
Death may ocur |
Episodes of presyncope |
Proteus syndrome |
Pigmentation (café-au-lait spots) |
Retarded >20% |
Overgrowth with asymmetry |
Tumor tendency |
Extremity anomalies |
Unilateral |
Spinal anomaly |
Prune-belly syndrome (clinical triad) |
Abdominal musculature anomaly |
Bladder/urinary tract abnormality |
Cryptorchidism |
Pruritus (differential diagnosis) |
Psychologic |
Rashes |
Urticaria |
Renal/Uremia |
Irritants/Allergens |
Tumor (Leukemia/Hodgkin) |
Infection |
Cholestasis (TPN/Pregnancy) |
Systemic Medications |
Pseudo-tumor cerebri (clinical features) |
Papilledema |
Severe headache |
Emesis |
Unsteadiness (ataxia) |
Dizziness |
Oculomotor paralysis (diplopia) |
Pseudo-tumor cerebri (management) |
Prednisone |
Spinal tap |
Eye examination |
Uncover underlying causes |
Diamox (decrease CSF production) |
Operation (shunt, optic nevre sheath fenestration) |
Psoriasis (medication triggers) |
Steroids |
Chloroquine |
Aspirin (NSAIDs) |
Lithium |
Esmolol (beta-blockers) |
Psoriasis (clinical features-two phenomena, three triggers and four skin anomalies) include: |
Plaque of skin |
Scaly skin |
Oily skin |
Red skin |
Isomorpic phenomenon (Koebner) |
Auspitz phenomenon |
Strep infection as trigger |
Injury as trigger |
Stres as trigger |
Pulmonary embolism (management) |
TPA (tissue plasminogen activator) |
Heparin |
Resection of bolus |
Oxygen |
Maintaining BP |
Bicarbonate for acidosis |
Urokinase |
Streptokinase |
Pulmonary hypertension (etiologies) |
Pulmonary vasculitis |
Upper airway obstruction |
Lung diseases (CF) |
Muscular hypoventilation |
Occlusion of pulmonary vessel (pulmonary embolism) |
Newborn (PPH) |
Idiopathic |
Cardiac (ASD, VSD, CHF, shunt) |
Pyelonephritis (clinical features in newborn) |
Poor feeding |
Yellow (Jaundice) |
Emesis |
Lethargy |
Odorous urine |
Pyloric stenosis (clinical features) |
Projectile vomiting |
Young male (younger than 6 months) |
Loss of fluid/CI (hypochloremic dehydration) |
Olive-shaped mass |
Reduced weight |
Ultrasound with hypertophy |
String/Shoulder signs on UGI film |
Rabies (clinical data) |
RNA rhabdovirus |
Animal bite |
Black inclusion (nigri bodies) |
Involuntary motion |
Encephalitis |
Serological tool for diagnosis (FA stain) |
Rape (management) |
Reporting |
Antibiotic prophylaxes |
Pregnancy prevention |
Immunization (HBV or tetanus PRN) |
Support (emotional and psychosocial) |
Testing for infection or semen |
Reiter’s syndrome (reactive inflammation-clinical features) |
Rashes |
Enteritis |
Arthritis |
Conjunctivitis |
Tract of genitourinary (urethritis) |
Renal venous thrombosis (etiologies) |
TOF (cyanotic CHD) |
H2O deficit (dehydration) |
Renal anomalies (congenital) |
Overdose of contrast agent (hyperosmolar) |
Maternal diabetes |
Blood (hemoconcentration) |
Oxygen insufficiency (asphyxia) |
Shock |
Increased muscle tone (hypertonia) |
Sepsis |
Retropharyngeal abscess (management) |
Airway |
Breathing |
Start antibiotics ASAP |
CT scan as gold standard |
ENT consultation |
Supportive (fluid/pain) |
Surgery PRN |
Reye’s syndrome (clinical features) |
Respiratory distress |
Encephalopathy |
Yellow liver(fatty degeneration) |
Elevation of mitochondrial enzymes |
Salicylates as trigger |
Rhabdomyolysis (evaluation) |
Myoglobinuria |
Urinalysis |
Serum potassium |
Creatinine |
Lysis sign on CBC (hemolysis) |
Enzyme (CPK) increase |
Rheumatic fever [major (M) and/or minor (m) criteria] |
Rashes (M) |
Heart disease (M) |
Extensor skin nodules (M) |
Unique chorea(sydenham) (M) |
Migrating arthritis (M) |
Arthralgia (m) |
Temperature (m) |
İnflammatory (ESR, CRP) (m) |
Cardiac blockage on EKG (m) |
Rickets (risk factors) |
Rapid growth (premie) |
İnadequate intake of D and Ca |
Chronic liver disease |
Kidney insufficiency (calcitriol) |
Enteral loss (IBD) |
Tabular dysfunction (loss of Ca or Phos) |
Sunlight deficit |
Roseola infantum (clinical features) |
Rashes |
Occipital adenopathy |
Seizure |
Encephalopathy |
Ocular (eyelid) edema |
Low platelet |
Aseptic meningitis |
Rubella (clinical features) |
Rash |
URI |
Birth defects |
Eye involvement |
Lymphadenopathy |
Low grade fever |
Artritis |
Rubistein -Taybi syndrome |
Retarded growth |
Unsteady/stiff gait |
Broad thumbs/toes |
IQ impairment |
Narrow palate with hypoplastic maxilla |
Speech difficulties |
Tone (hypotonia) |
Eye (heavy eyebrows and long eyelashes) |
Infection in infancy |
Nose (beaked and prominent) |
Russel-Silver syndrome |
Retarded growth |
Uniparental disomy 7 |
Small/Triangular face with normal HC |
Short arm-span, limb asymmetry |
Extremity anomaly (clinodactyly) |
Low birth weight |
Low blood sugar at birth |
Salmonella infection (complications) |
Sepsis |
Adenopathy |
Loss of fluids/electrolytes |
Myocarditis |
Osteomyelitis |
Neurological |
Enteritis |
Lung involvement |
Liver involvement |
Arthritis |
Sarcoidosis (clinical features) |
Granuloma |
Rashes |
Adenopathy |
Noncaseating |
Uveitis |
Lung infiltration |
Organomegaly |
Malaise |
Arthritis |
Scarlet fever (clinical features) |
Strawberry tongue” |
Circumoral pallor” |
Adenopathy |
Rashes (“sandpaper”) |
Line of “Pastie” |
Enlarged tonsils |
Temperature (fever) |
Scleroderma (pathogenesis) |
Skin as major target |
Collagen glycosylation anomaly |
Laminin auto-antibodies |
Endothelin anomaly |
Raynaud phenomenon |
Organ involvement |
Scleroderma (skin cahanges) |
Discoloration |
Edema |
Raynaud phenomenon |
Morning stiffness |
Atrophy |
Scleroderma (organ involvement) |
Skin |
Cardiac |
Lung |
Esophagus/enteral/oral |
Renal |
Ocular |
Skeletal |
Intracranial nerves |
Sicca syndrome with parotitis |
Seckel syndrome |
Short stature |
Enlarged nose |
CNS anomaly (MR) |
Knee/hip anomalies |
Eleven ribs |
Low ears/large eyes |
Sepsis (risk factors) |
Sickle cell disease |
Engrafted (BMT) patients |
Polynuclear cell dysfunction |
Steroid usage |
Indwelling catheter |
SCIDS |
Serum sickness (clinical features) |
Splenomegaly |
Extremity (joint effusion) |
Regional lymphadenopathy |
Urticarial/maculopapular rashes |
Mental change (CNS vasculities) |
Short stature (evaluation) |
Skeletal Age/Sweat |
Turner’s (Genetics) |
Anemia |
TSH.T4.T3 |
UA (UTI.RTA) |
Renal/electrolytes |
ESR/Endocrine |
SIADH (etiology) |
Secretary tumors (pancreatic carcinoma) |
Infection of brain (meningitis, encephalitis) |
Asthma/lung disease (TB, CF, pneumonia) |
Drugs (nicotine, clofibrate) |
Head trauma |
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (clinical features) |
Chronic-most common |
Acute slip superimposed on chronic slip also common |
Pain as major symptom |
Internal rotation decreased |
Thickening palpable |
Atrophy of thigh |
Limping or waddling gait |
Smith-Magenis syndrome |
Short stature |
Mental retardation |
Insertion of foreign bodies (Polyembolokoilamania) |
Tendon reflex absence (neuropathy?) |
Hypoplastic mid-face |
Smoking (risk to kids with parental smoking) |
SIDS |
Meningitis |
Otitis media |
Killed by fire or cancers |
Embryopathy (IUGR) |
Respiratory (RAD, URI) |
Speech problems (etiologies) |
Autism/Anatomic |
Blindness/Brain Injury |
Chromosome/CNS |
Deafness/DD |
Environment Depression/Early Birth (Premature) |
Speech delay (evaluation) |
Social/family history |
Parenting history |
Ears (hearing loss) |
Autism |
Karyotyping/chromosomes |
Infection |
Neurological imaging |
Gestation-related (preemie) |
Spider bites (management for black widow) |
Benzodazepine and muscle relaxant |
Latrodectus antivenom |
Analgesic (morphine) |
Calcium |
Keep wound clean |
Splenomegaly (etiologies) |
Sickle Cell Anemie |
Portal Hypertension |
Lupus |
Enzyme Deficiencies (Metabolic) |
EBV Infection |
Neoplastic (Leukemia/Lymphoma) |
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (clinical features) |
Sensitivity disorders |
Temperature high |
Erythema multiforme rash and bullae of skin |
Ulceration of mucous membranes |
Eye (conjunctivitis, uveitis) |
Nephritis (hematuria) |
Sepsis potential |
Stickler syndrome |
Spine (spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia) |
Thorax (MVP, disk herniation) |
IQ-normal |
Cleft palate |
Knee/hip anomalies |
Loss of hearing |
Eye (myopia) |
Robin sequence |
Stroke (risk factors) |
Sickle cell disease |
Tobacco |
Rise in Cholesterol |
Obesity |
Ketone (diabetes) |
Elevated blood pressure |
Sturge-Weber syndrome |
Seizure |
Trigeminal hemangioma |
Unilateral eye involvement |
Retarded (MR) |
Glaucoma |
Ear anomalies |
Sudden infant death syndrome (risk factors) |
Sleeping position |
IUGR/Premature |
Defect of airway |
Smoking |
Supraventricular tachycardia (management) |
Adenosine |
Beta-blockers |
Calcium blockers |
Digoxin |
Electrocardioversion |
Syncope (pathologic etilogies) |
Structural Abnormality of Vessels (AVM) |
Youngster’s Breath Holding |
Neurological |
Cardiac |
Orthostatic Hypotension |
Prolonged QT syndrome |
Endocrine (adrenal insufficiency) |
Systemic lupus erythematosus (diagnostic criteria) |
Renal involvement |
Hematological |
Epidermal photosensitivity |
Ulceration of mocous membranes (oral/nasal mucosa) |
Mallor rashes |
ANA (anti-nuclear antibody) |
Thorax (pleural/cardial effusion) |
Immunological (Anti-dsDNA) |
CNS (encephalopathy, seizure etc) |
Arthritis |
Lupus (discoid lupus) |
20 Eylül 2010 Pazartesi
Medical reminders - ( P-R-S )
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